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Agriculture Novel Kharif the monsoon crop
Sources

What stands behind every figure here.

Two kinds of number appear on this site. The models name the papers they implement and the archive they run against, and those are listed below. The crop reference is a table of planning ranges, and it does not yet record where its figures came from — which is stated here as a count rather than left to be discovered.

Coverage

0 of 4,304 figures in the crop reference carry a source: 0.0%.

Counted across 538 rows and the 8 fields in each that carry a figure somebody could plant on. Computed on this request, not written down.

None of them, today. The reference describes itself as indicative planning ranges for Indian conditions, and that is all this site can honestly say about it: nobody recorded which package of practices, extension bulletin or trial each figure came from, and this page will not invent one. Every number on it still resolves to a row you can read, and the pages that run a model show their method.

To close the gap, register a source and map it to a field with the an_sx_sources and an_sx_crop_citations filters (inc/sources.php). A column can be cited at once, or a single crop where it differs. This count follows.

The sources this site rests on

Each with what it is used for, and when it was last checked.

  1. Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D. & Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration — guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56.

    The daily soil water balance on /decide/: the Kc curve, root-zone depletion, readily available water and the stress coefficient. The coefficients used are FAO group defaults, and every run names the FAO crop they were measured on.

    Read it · published · checked September 20, 2026

  2. Doorenbos, J. & Kassam, A. H. (1979). Yield response to water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 33.

    The yield fraction on /decide/. The run stops reporting one below ETa/ETc = 0.5, because the relation is fitted to moderate deficits and carrying it further turns a failed crop into a confident percentage.

    Read it · published · checked September 20, 2026

  3. Hargreaves, G. H. & Samani, Z. A. (1985). Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 1(2).

    The fallback reference evapotranspiration, used only where the weather archive has no computed ET0 for a day.

    Read it · published · checked September 20, 2026

  4. Open-Meteo historical weather API (ERA5 reanalysis, Copernicus Climate Change Service).

    The rainfall and evaporation each run is measured against: the same calendar window in each of the last five years at the place named. The spread in a run is observed variance at that location, never a simulated distribution.

    Read it · observed · checked September 20, 2026

How to read a figure here

Three kinds, and what each one is worth.

  1. A reference range. Sowing window, duration, spacing, pH, water, temperature, seed rate, yield. A planning range for Indian conditions that varies with variety, region, season and management — and, today, without a recorded source. Check it against your own soil test and your local agriculture officer.
  2. A model run. The five-season water balance on the decide page. The method is FAO-56 and FAO-33, the weather is observed, the crop coefficients are FAO group defaults measured on a named crop — and the page says which, every time.
  3. A refusal. Where the data cannot carry the question — a price, a ponded paddy in a soil water balance, a timber volume read as tonnes — this site says so instead of answering. Those are the figures you can trust it most about.
Agriculture Novel is a knowledge base, not an advisory service. Where a page runs a model it shows the method and the inputs; where it quotes the crop reference, those are planning ranges whose sources are listed — and counted — on the sources page. A number that fits a package of practices still has to fit your field: check it against your own soil test and your local agriculture officer before you spend money on it. © 2026 Agriculture Novel · Kharif · 24,425 guides published